Dataset Identification:

Resource Abstract:
description: The recovery plan for Sika Deer discusses the current status of the species, habitat requirements and limiting factors, recovery objectives and criteria, actions required for species recovery, the cost of recovery, and the expected date for recovery objectives to be met. A six year population study on sika deer, Cervus nippon, introduced in 1916 on James Island in Chesapeake Bay, Maryland, provided unique results because of the unusual completeness of the data due to an islandic situation. A density of one deer per acre was reached in 1955. In 1958, 60 percent of the population, mainly young and females, died during January and February. Gross and microscopic studies were made on 18 deer, shot and autopsied in 1955, 1957-60, plus one recently dead at the time of the die-off. Adrenal weight increased, especially in the young, from 1955 to 1958 and then dropped 50 percent following the die-off. Inhibition of growth observed before and during the die off vanished afterwards. Changes in the adrenal zona glomerulosa and medulla suggested overstimulation and a severe imbalance of fluid-electrolyte metabolism as the cause of the die-off. These changes may have been secondary to prolonged hyper-stimulation of the cortex as a result of excessive population density and its resultant social pressures. An inclusion hepatitis and glomerulonephritis are described which involved all deer, especially alter 1958, but not in 1955. These diseases were ruled out as causal factors in the die-off, as were malnutrition and poisoning. The deer were apparently in good nutritive status throughout. It was concluded that physiological derangements resulting from high population density produced the observed effects.; abstract: The recovery plan for Sika Deer discusses the current status of the species, habitat requirements and limiting factors, recovery objectives and criteria, actions required for species recovery, the cost of recovery, and the expected date for recovery objectives to be met. A six year population study on sika deer, Cervus nippon, introduced in 1916 on James Island in Chesapeake Bay, Maryland, provided unique results because of the unusual completeness of the data due to an islandic situation. A density of one deer per acre was reached in 1955. In 1958, 60 percent of the population, mainly young and females, died during January and February. Gross and microscopic studies were made on 18 deer, shot and autopsied in 1955, 1957-60, plus one recently dead at the time of the die-off. Adrenal weight increased, especially in the young, from 1955 to 1958 and then dropped 50 percent following the die-off. Inhibition of growth observed before and during the die off vanished afterwards. Changes in the adrenal zona glomerulosa and medulla suggested overstimulation and a severe imbalance of fluid-electrolyte metabolism as the cause of the die-off. These changes may have been secondary to prolonged hyper-stimulation of the cortex as a result of excessive population density and its resultant social pressures. An inclusion hepatitis and glomerulonephritis are described which involved all deer, especially alter 1958, but not in 1955. These diseases were ruled out as causal factors in the die-off, as were malnutrition and poisoning. The deer were apparently in good nutritive status throughout. It was concluded that physiological derangements resulting from high population density produced the observed effects.
Citation
Title Factors in the Mass Mortality of a Herd of Sika Deer Cervus Nippon.
creation  Date   2018-05-20T19:28:45.693868
Resource language:
Processing environment:
Back to top:
Digital Transfer Options
Linkage for online resource
name Dublin Core references URL
URL:https://ecos.fws.gov/ServCat/DownloadFile/110200?Reference=69915
protocol WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link
link function information
Description URL provided in Dublin Core references element.
Metadata data stamp:  2018-08-06T20:53:18Z
Resource Maintenance Information
maintenance or update frequency:
notes: This metadata record was generated by an xslt transformation from a dc metadata record; Transform by Stephen M. Richard, based on a transform by Damian Ulbricht. Run on 2018-08-06T20:53:18Z
Metadata contact - pointOfContact
organisation Name  CINERGI Metadata catalog
Contact information
Address
electronic Mail Addresscinergi@sdsc.edu
Metadata language  eng
Metadata character set encoding:   utf8
Metadata standard for this record:  ISO 19139 Geographic Information - Metadata - Implementation Specification
standard version:  2007
Metadata record identifier:  urn:dciso:metadataabout:f0a98b27-0f27-45ad-8ff4-7a15ce0122c7

Metadata record format is ISO19139 XML (MD_Metadata)